IS INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP NECESSITY OR AN OPPORTUNITY IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC? A PANEL STUDY
Abstract
The goal of this research has been to verify the theoretical discussions on the similarities of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) classified opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship across seven regions of Kyrgyz Republic (KR) and its capital, Bishkek city. Individual entrepreneurs with employees (IEWEs) and without employees (IEWOEs) were used as proxy dependent variables for opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship. The independent variables include unemployment rates, poverty rates, microcredit recipients, crime rate and a few others. The study period was from 2002 to 2012. The least squares dummy variable (LSDV) panel data method was employed, using dummies specifically for each region. The findings of this research from a macro perspective did not confirm those similarities. Proxy dependent variables for opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship, IEWEs and IEWOEs, are rarely affected by the same factors.References
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